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N. Tiron-Vorobiova, O. Ivanov, A. Danylyan, A. Zhmud
«Key Aspects of the Nanotechnological Approach in the Design and Technical Solution of the Ballast Water Management System Based on the Danube Institute of the National University ‘Odesa Maritime Academy’»
0413–0432 (2021)

PACS numbers: 81.20.Ym, 87.50.-a, 87.85.Rs, 89.60.Ec, 92.20.jb, 92.40.kc

Great interest in our time is paid to the ballast water (BW) treatment system. Indeed, in the process of decalibrating the vessel, the water from the tanks flows through the filters and is subjected to UV (ultraviolet) treatment only that does not comply with the BW under section D-2 (the Standard determining the quality of sea BW, i.e., the maximum number of viable organisms, which can be contained in BW) adopted in 2017 according to the IMO (International Maritime Organization) Convention. It must be admitted that the increased requirements for the cleaning of spent products lead to a rise in the cost of sea and river waterages, and the freight rate of a tonne of cargo is sharply increased. In this regard, today, the challenge is to improve the quality of treatment and reduce its cost. This article proposes the consideration of key aspects of the nanotechnological approach to the design and technical solution of the BW management system, based on the DI NU ‘OMA’. The conditions for the implementation of the method of disinfection and purification of BW were found experimentally. The problem is solved by two inventions connected by an inventive concept. In the first invention, the task is solved by a method of disinfecting and cleaning BW, providing for the introduction of an oxidizing agent into it and subsequent treatment with ultraviolet radiation. In the second invention, the task is solved by the installation for disinfection and purification of BW, containing a ballast tank-tank connected to each other by technological pipelines for mixing the spent substance with an oxidizing agent, a device for processing the spent substance with ultraviolet light, and a fine filter, in which, unlike the prototype, it additionally contains a reagent dispenser, a coarse filter, a ballast pump, and a high-frequency electrohydraulic-shock block. Electrohydraulic shock leads to the destruction of invasions and pathogenic strains. A self-discharging filter with nanocarbon inserts allows screening of solid elements and microorganisms in isolated BW. The advantage of a self-discharging filter is that it provides a high level of destruction of invasions to the BW cleaning plant. Why is the design of a self-discharging filter for cleaning the BW optimal? The answer is quite simple: increasing the size of filtering elements, we increase the throughput of the processed BW. Moreover, according to the research and development of nanotechnology, they are on the rise in pursuit of the original and useful things, and at the time when the take-off of factory production takes place, very little is being done to guarantee the safety to the society and the environment.

Keywords: ballast water (BW), IMO Convention, D-2 standard, marine industry, nanotechnologies, self-discharging filter

https://doi.org/10.15407/nnn.19.02.413