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T. L. Malysheva, A. L. Tolstov, E. V. Gres
«Impact of Interfacial Interactions on the Formation of Nanoheterogeneous Structure in Polymer–Polymer Blends»
547–558 (2017)

PACS numbers: 61.25.hk, 62.23.Pq, 68.37.Hk, 68.55.am, 78.30.Jw, 78.67.Sc, 82.35.Gh, 83.80.Tc

In this article, we study an effect of hard segment content in poly(urethane-urea)s (PUU) on the intermolecular interactions with inorganic LiCl and organic poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC), morphology, and mechanical properties of the final PUU/LiCl and PUU/PVC composites. PUU with hard segment (HS) content of 12.5% (PUU-1), 34% (PUU-2) and 48% (PUU-3) are fabricated via conventional two-step ‘prepolyurethane method’ in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) media, using poly(propylene glycol), mixture of 2,4- and 2,6-isomers of tolylene diisocyanate (65/35 w/w), and chain extender of 4,4?-methy-lenedianiline as a chain extender. The PUU/LiCl and PUU/PVC composite films with 5 wt.% LiCl or 10–90 wt.% PVC are fabricated using solution/casting technique from DMF. A presence of intra- and intermolecular hydrogen bondings (HB) in elastomers and composites is studied by FTIR. As revealed, increasing of proton-donor NH-groups’ content in elastomer macrochain increases the energy of intermolecular HB with chlorine anion of an inorganic salt and polymer. The integral absorption intensity of ‘H-bonded’ NH groups in the PUU/LiCl composites is higher than that of the PUU/PVC systems. Energy of interfacial interactions in composites decreases in the range of PUU-3>PUU-2>PUU-1. The strong intermolecular interactions in a polymer blend containing 30 wt.% PVC result in suppression of phase-separation processes, and there is heterogeneity of the composites on the nanolevel. The nanoparticles of PVC phase are playing a role of physical cross-links, and maximal strengthening effect is observed for the PUU-3/PVC blends. For the composites with 30–50 wt.% of PVC, a deviation of experimental tensile-strength values from theoretical ones exceeds 23–25%. With increasing thermoplastic PVC content in the polymer blends, the interfacial adhesion and mechanical properties of composites are moderately reduced.

Key words: polymer blends, poly(urethane-urea), poly(vinyl chloride), interfacial interactions, morphology, nanocomposite.

https://doi.org/10.15407/nnn.15.03.0547

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