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Vladyslav Lapshuda, Viktoriia Koval, Valerii Barbash, Mykhailo Dusheiko, and Olga Yashchenko
Capacitive Humidity Sensors Based on Nanocellulose Obtained from Various Non-Wood Raw Materials
843–858 (2023)

PACS numbers: 07.07.Df, 68.37.Lp, 68.37.Ps, 77.55.F-, 81.16.-c, 83.80.Mc, 92.60.jk

Humidity sensors are fabricated on base of nanocellulose (NC) using different initial raw materials (reed stalks or wheat straw) and by means of different extraction methods (TEMPO-oxidation or acid hydrolysis). In addition, nanocomposites from NC with addition of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) are used to improve the mechanical characteristics of nanocellulose films obtained by hydrolysis method. The static and dynamic characteristics of humidity sensors are measured, and their sensitivity, response, hysteresis, response and recovery times, as well as short- and long-term stability are determined. The influence of initial materials and extraction methods for NC, as well as amount of humidity-sensitive material, on device parameters is established. The dependence of sensor sensitivity on the NC mass is determined. In particular, it is shown that NC sensors made of reed have higher sensitivity, but worse stability and dynamic parameters compared to sensors made of wheat. The maximum value of sensitivity (0.204 (%RH)-1) is observed for sensor based on the NC film obtained of reed by TEMPO-oxidation method. Minimal signal fluctuations (10%) during continuous operation for 1 h are observed for NC sensors obtained of wheat by the hydrolysis technique. Improved response time and recovery time (7 s and 6 s) are available for NC sensors obtained of wheat by the TEMPO-oxidation method. As shown, the NC film mass of 0.3 mg is favourable for all sensors. The effect of test signal frequency is as follows: improving of sensitivity occurs at 100 Hz, and of all other parameters—at 1000 Hz.

Key words: nanocellulose, humidity sensors, biodegradable sensors.

https://doi.org/

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