Issues

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2020

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vol. 18 /

Issue 4

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M. I. Shut, M. O. Rokytskyi, V. L. Demchenko, H. V. Rokytska, A. M. Shut
«Investigation of Relaxation Processes in Filled Penton by Means of Thermomechanical Method»
1017–1029 (2020)

PACS numbers: 36.40.Vz, 61.46.Df, 78.30.Na, 78.40.Ri, 78.55.Kz, 78.67.Hc, 81.07.Ta

This paper presents the results of the thermomechanical and relaxation properties’ studies of polymer composite materials based on high-molecular-weight polyester penton. Samples for research are obtained by thermal pressing. The thermal deformation of composites of the penton–silver iodide (AgI) and penton–multilayer carbon nanotubes (CNTs) systems in the vicinity of the glass transition temperatures of the penton (253°K<T<373°K) is studied. As revealed, the glass transition process of the amorphous part of the polymer is divided into two components, low- and high-temperature ones, associated with the existence of a more ordered phase located near the filler particles and a less ordered phase, respectively. The last one is not affected by the filler and, in fact, represents an unfilled polymer or a polymer in a volume that is not affected by the influence of filler particles. The features of the modifying effect of various fillers on the parameters of the glass transition process of the polymer component with varying degrees of structure ordering are analysed. As shown, for polymer composite materials, which include polymers capable of crystallization, namely, dispersion-filled high-molecular-weight polyesters, a thermomechanical method for analysing relaxation processes can be applied. Basing on the penton–AgI and penton–CNT systems, the composite multiplet dependences of dε/dT, the shape of which is caused by the influence of structurally active particles of silver iodide and carbon nanotubes on the molecular mobility of various structural units of the polymer component, are analysed in the glass-transition temperature range. For determining the parameters of relaxation processes, the graphical method of analysing the experimental results presented in the lnτ=f(1/T) coordinates, where τ is the relaxation time, is used. The calculation relations for determining the complex of relaxation characteristics of a filled penton are obtained. The temperature ranges of relaxation transitions, the sequence of their occurrence upon heating, and the kinetic parameters of the observed relaxation transitions are calculated; namely, the pre-exponent in the Boltzmann–Arrhenius equation and the activation energies of the corresponding relaxation processes are determined. As revealed, unlike penton–AgI composites, most penton–CNT composites are characterized by a decrease in the intensity of the relaxation α'-transition. This is additionally indicates a strong structuring effect of carbon nanotubes on the penton and the formation of a penton layer adjacent to the filler particles with a more ordered structure comparing to pure polymer structure.

Keywords: polymer, penton, silver iodide, carbon nanotubes, thermomechanical method, relaxation

https://doi.org/10.15407/nnn.18.04.1017

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