Collection of scientific works Nanosystems, nanomaterials, nanotechnologies
Year 2026 Volume 24, Issue 1
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Zahra Mohammed SAEED1, Samir Mahmmod AHMAD2, and Yasir Hussein MOHAMMED3

1Polytechnic College Mosul, Department of Electrical Techniques, Northern Technical University, 41002 Mosul, Iraq
2College of Science, Department of Physics, University of Mosul, 41002 Mosul, Iraq
3College of Education for Pure Science, Department of Physics, University of Mosul, 41002 Mosul, Iraq

Effect of Aluminium Doping on the Characteristics of One-Dimensional Zinc-Oxide Nanowires Grown by Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Vapour Deposition

225–240 (2026)

PACS numbers: 68.37.Hk, 68.37.Vj, 78.20.Ci, 78.40.Ha, 78.67.Uh, 81.07.Gf, 81.15.Gh

Received 15 August, 2024; in revised form, 30 September, 2025

The atmospheric-pressure chemical vapour deposition (APCVD) technique is used to grow ZnO nanowires (NWs) on glass substrates. The effect of different doping ratios (0, 2, 4, and 6 wt.%) of aluminium on the structure, morphological and optical properties of the ZnO:Al nanowires is studied. The optical, structural, and morphological results were evaluated using ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction (XRD), and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE–SEM) with energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) spectroscopy. Optical results indicate that, with the increase of aluminium doping, the interatomic distance in the crystal lattice is decreased, and the energy gap is shifted to redshift. The doping with aluminium improves the crystallinity of the network. Morphological observations indicate that, when measuring the diameters of ZnO nanowires, the diameter of the aluminium-doped ZnO nanowires increases with increasing doping ratio. The surface of the ZnO nanowires also contains Al atoms, and EDX spectroscopy supports this finding. Our current research may serve the development of future nanooptical devices.

KEY WORDS: atmospheric-pressure chemical vapour deposition, ZnO nanowires, band gap, doping with Al, vapour–solid process

DOI: https://doi.org/10.15407/nnn.24.01.0225

Citation:
Zahra Mohammed Saeed, Samir Mahmmod Ahmad, and Yasir Hussein Mohammed, Effect of Aluminium Doping on the Characteristics of One-Dimensional Zinc-Oxide Nanowires Grown by Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Vapour Deposition, Nanosistemi, Nanomateriali, Nanotehnologii, 24, No. 1: 225–240 (2026); https://doi.org/10.15407/nnn.24.01.0225

Acknowledgments:
The authors acknowledge the support provided by the Iraqi Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research, as well as the University of Mosul for providing some financial assistance and for monitoring the status of the research.

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