Collection of scientific works Nanosystems, nanomaterials, nanotechnologies
Year 2026 Volume 24, Issue 1
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F. M. BUKHANKO

Donetsk Institute for Physics and Engineering Named after O. O. Galkin, N.A.S. of Ukraine, 46 Nauky Ave., UA-03028 Kyiv, Ukraine

Formation of Bosons in SmMnO3+δ as 1D Charge/Spin Density Waves Caused by Confinement of Spinon Pairs in a System of AFM Spin Chains; Step-Like Quantum Hall Effect for Massless Dirac Fermions

1–16 (2026)

PACS numbers: 71.10.Pm, 71.45.Lr, 73.22.Lp, 73.43.Lp, 75.30.Fv, 75.47.Lx

Received 4 September, 2025

As shown, the appearance of two unusual peak features of isotherms 1 and 2 of the magnetization reversal of SmMnO3+δ near zero magnetic field is a natural consequence of the spin-charge separation characteristic of the previously well-studied theoretically one-dimensional Mott insulator in the state of a quantum Luttinger liquid. Attention is drawn to the difference between the two peak features of isotherms 1 and 2 of the magnetization reversal near H=0 Oe, which depends on the direction of growth of the external magnetic-field strength. We believe that such behaviour of magnetization in the low-temperature region is caused by the fact that the transverse component of the external magnetic field closes the spinon gap Δs in SmMnO3+δ. A characteristic feature of this state is the spatial separation of charge and spin excitations. According to these studies, even a weak increase in the transverse component of the external magnetic field can lead to further confinement of spinon pairs, which is accompanied by the appearance of gapless modes of natural longitudinal oscillations of the spin chain system. We assume that the step-like features of field dependences of magnetization of SmMnO3+δ at temperature T=0.6 K are similar to characteristics of step-like quantum Hall effect for massless Dirac fermions in graphene.

KEY WORDS: quantum Luttinger liquid, 1D charge-spin density waves, confinement of spinon pairs, step-like quantum Hall effect for massless Dirac fermions

DOI: https://doi.org/10.15407/nnn.24.01.0001

Citation:
F. M. Bukhanko, Formation of Bosons in SmMnO3+δ as 1D Charge/Spin Density Waves Caused by Confinement of Spinon Pairs in a System of AFM Spin Chains; Step-Like Quantum Hall Effect for Massless Dirac Fermions, Nanosistemi, Nanomateriali, Nanotehnologii, 24, No. 1: 1–16 (2026); https://doi.org/10.15407/nnn.24.01.0001
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