Collection of scientific works Nanosystems, nanomaterials, nanotechnologies
Year 2025 Volume 23, Issue 4
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F. MOLLAAMIN

Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Kastamonu University, Kastamonu, Turkey

In Situ Solid-State Hybrid Lithium-Ion (Boron, Aluminium, Gallium) Batteries with Efficient Energy Density Realized by a Simulated Anode of Silicon-Germanium Oxide Nanocomposite

1059–1074 (2025)

Published December 25, 2025

As the energy density of commercial lithium (Li) ion batteries with graphite anode is low, a hybrid alloy of [Li-ion/boron (B), aluminium (Al), gallium (Ga)] battery is figured out by a simulated anode of germanium-silicon oxide (GeOSiO) and tin-silicon oxide (SnOSiO) nanoclusters. Specifically, a scalable simulation method is processed for manufacturing a hybrid alloy of (GeOSiO) and (SnOSiO) nanoclusters acting as a smart anode nanocomposite for intercalation of Li-ions and subsequently metalloids/metals (boron, aluminium, and gallium) due to enhanced lithiophilicity and an efficient ion-conduction path. The (GeOSiO) and (SnOSiO) nanoclusters are engineered and characterized as an electrode for hybrid Li-ion batteries (LIBs) through the formation of [LiB(GeOSiO)], [LiAl(GeOSiO)], [LiGa(GeOSiO)], [LiB(SnOSiO)], [LiAl(SnOSiO)], and [LiGa (SnOSiO)] nanoclusters. This work explores the 3rd-group metalloids/metals elements in hybrid LiB, LiAl, LiGa ions’ batteries utilizing computational approaches based on charge density differences (CDD), total density of states (TDOS), electron localization functions (ELF) analyses. Higher Ge/Sn content comparing with Si might improve battery capacity for energy storage compared to pure Li-ion batteries and improve the charge rate by increasing electrical conductivity. Moreover, the anodic (GeOSiO) and (SnOSiO) materials can improve cycle stability ruling out electrode depletion and enlarging capacity through higher surface capacitive effects. A scalable method is processed for manufacturing a nanocomposite acting as a simulated anode for intercalation of Li-ions and subsequently Li-alloy-metalloid/metal due to enhanced lithiophilicity and sufficient ion-conduction paths.

KEY WORDS: nanocomposites, hybrid lithium/third-group ions' batteries, energy-saving, density of states, electrical conductivity

DOI: https://doi.org/10.15407/nnn.23.04.1059

Citation:
F. Mollaamin, In Situ Solid-State Hybrid Lithium-Ion (Boron, Aluminium, Gallium) Batteries with Efficient Energy Density Realized by a Simulated Anode of Silicon-Germanium Oxide Nanocomposite, Nanosistemi, Nanomateriali, Nanotehnologii, 23, No. 4: 1059–1074 (2025); https://doi.org/10.15407/nnn.23.04.1059
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